लकार
एकवचनम्
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द्विवचनम्
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बहुवचनम्
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|
प्रथम पुरुष
तिसरा व्यक्ति
|
अति (is)
|
अतः (both are)
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अन्ति(all are)
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बालकः (One Boy)
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बालकौ (Two Boys)
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बालकाः (Three Boys)
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बालिका (One Girl)
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बालिके (Two Girls)
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बालिकाः(Three Girls)
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पुष्पम् (One Flower)
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पुष्पे (Two Flowers)
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पुष्पाणि (Three Flowers)
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मध्यम पुरुष
सुनने वाला
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असि(are)
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अथः (both are)
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अथ (all are)
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त्वम् (You)
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युवाम् (You both)
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यूयम् (You all)
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उत्तम पुरुष
बोलने वाला
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आमि(am)
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आवः (both are)
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आमः (all are)
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अहम् (I)
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आवाम् (We both)
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वयम् (We all)
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1.
वाक्य कैसे बनाएँ ?
उत्तर -
वाक्य बनाने के लिए
सर्वप्रथम पुरुष और वचन देखना बहुत जरुरी होत है |
- वाक्य को सही बनाने के लिए कर्ता तथा
क्रियापद का भी ध्यान रखना चाहिये |
-
इन दो बातो पर ध्यान दिया जाए तो वाक्य कभी गलत नहि बनेगे|
उदाहरण – हिन्दी वाक्य - मैं खा रह हूँ |
English sentence -
I eat ing am.
संस्कृत वाक्य - अहं खाद् + आमि |
पूर्ण संस्कृत वाक्य - अहं खादामि |
·
आप इसमे देख सकते है कि हमने वाक्य बनाने के लिए किन किन
शब्दों का प्रयोग किया हैं ? अब हम इसे स्तर अनुसार देखेंगे |
·
पहले हमने मैं शब्द को ध्यान में रखा जो कर्ता है –
उपर के कोष्ठक मे अगर देखे तो मैं मतलब I होता है और कोष्ठक में I का मतलब अहम् होता है |
·
उस ही प्रकार अगर जो कर्ता होगा तो क्रियापद भी उस हि पुरुष और
वचन मे आयेगा जैसे – अहम् है तो उपर के कोष्ठक के अनुसार आमि आयेगा|
·
बस अब जो क्रिया है उसे पुरुष और वचन के अनुसार लगाकर
क्रियापद बना दीजिये | आपका वाक्य बन गया |
2.
अच्छे वाक्ये बनाने के लिए क्या जरुरी होत है ?
उत्तर -
अच्छे वाक्ये बनाने
के लिए सर्वप्रथम उपर दिया गया कोष्ठक सहि तरह
से आन चाहिये जिससे आप बिना
देखे उसका उपयोग कर सको |
-
इसके साथ आपको लट् लकार, लृट् लकार और लङ्ग लकार आना
चाहिये| कुछ सामान्य धातुए भी आनी चाहिये, जैसे कि – पठ, खेल्, खाद्, धाव्,
कूर्द आदि | जिससे सामान्य वाक्य बनाने मे आसानी रहे|
-
इसके साथ आपको बालक(पु.), बालिका(स्त्री.),पुष्पम्(नपु.) कोष्ठक
चाहिये| जिससे विभक्ति का पता चले और वाक्य को आसानी से बना पाएँ |
Today, we discuss about the nouns especially, the kind of persons those act as a subject in a sentence. As we already known to the three kind of persons, it is not going to be a new one for us. But, here we use to learn the words of Sanskrit to express the three kind of persons. The following table discuss in detail about the three persons.
Dual nouns: When a noun means two, it is said to be dual.
Plural nouns: When a noun means more than one, it is said to be plural.
Note:
Today, we discuss about the nouns especially, the kind of persons those act as a subject in a sentence. As we already known to the three kind of persons, it is not going to be a new one for us. But, here we use to learn the words of Sanskrit to express the three kind of persons. The following table discuss in detail about the three persons.
Person | Sanskrit | Transliteration |
Third or last person | प्रथमपुरुष | prathama purusha |
Second Person | मध्यमपुरुष | madhyama purusha |
First Person | उत्तमपुरुष | uttama purusha |
Singular nouns: When a noun means only one, it is said to be singular.
Person | English | Sanskrit | Transliteration |
1st | I | अहम् | aham |
2nd | You | त्वम् | tvam |
3rd | He | सः | sah |
She | सा | sA | |
It | तत् | tat |
Person | English | Sanskrit | Transliteration |
1st | We (two) | आवाम् | AvAm |
2nd | You (two) | युवाम् | yuvAm |
3rd | They (two masculine.) | ते | te |
They (two feminine.) | ते | te | |
They (two neuters.) | तानि | tAni |
Plural nouns: When a noun means more than one, it is said to be plural.
Person | English | Sanskrit | Transliteration |
1st | We | वयम् | vayam |
2nd | You | युयम् | yUyam |
3rd | He (They masculine.) | ते | te |
She (They feminine.) | ताः | tAh | |
It (They neuter.) | तानि | tAni |
The above two tables show a brief
preview of singular and plural form of nouns for the three kinds of
person in a sentence. But, Sanskrit has another form of noun which means
exactly two in count, in other words dual noun. It is because, our
ancestors reviewed, examined the worldly objects which are diverged as
two forms. For example, male and female, top and bottom, front and back,
left and right, love and hate, happy and sad and many more. So, they
used to design the dual nouns that can refer the two objects exactly.
Such nouns are called dual nouns.
| |||
- singular – एकवचन – ekavacana
- plural – बहुवचन – bahuvacana
- dual – द्विवचन – dvivacana
nice blog sir but if keep some common name like learn sanskrit or something along those lines many people may be helped because not many tutorials are available for sanskrit
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